SMIET: Synthesis Modelling In-air Emission using Templates

Welcome to the documentation of the SMIET package. This package implements the template synthesis algorithm, which is described in short here.

Installation

To install the package, simply run:

pip install smiet

for the latest stable release from PyPI, or

git clone https://gitlab.iap.kit.edu/AirShowerPhysics/smiet-cr-synthesis.git
cd smiet-cr-synthesis
pip install -e .

for the latest development branch.

Note: If you want to use the JAX implementation of the template synthesis algorithm, you can install the package via:

pip install smiet[jax]

However, we recommend users to use the NumPy implementation unless there is a specific need for JAX, as the NumPy version is generally more straightforward to use and has fewer dependencies.

Download

To use SMIET, you will need to download pre-simulated templates or origin showers. For most general purpose usage, you can download the standard template library from:

wget https://bwsyncandshare.kit.edu/s/DrsbG27mkxtcetF

(approximately 13 GB when unpacked). More extensive template libraries are currently in development.

Additionally, if you want to test with origin showers, you can download example origin showers from:

wget https://homepage.iihe.ac.be/~mitjadesmet/origin_showers/SIM145024.hdf5
wget https://homepage.iihe.ac.be/~mitjadesmet/origin_showers/SIM145060.hdf5

Make sure to place the downloaded files in a directory where you can easily access them when using the package.

Examples

See here for a minimal example of how to use the package. You can also look at the examples section or the dedicated repository smiet-examples for more complete examples.

Sections in this documentation:

Citation

If you use this package in your research, please cite the following publications:

Desmet, M., Buitink, S., Huege, T., and Watanabe, K., “SMIET: Fast and accurate synthesis of radio pulses from extensive air shower using simulated templates”, Astropart. Phys. 175 (2026) 103182, doi:10.1016/j.astropartphys.2025.103182 , arXiv:2505.10459 .

Desmet, M. (2025). SMIET: Synthesis Modelling In-air Emission using Templates (v0.5). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15194465 .

Further publications

Additional relevant publications:

Desmet, M., Buitink, S., Huege, T., Butler, D., Engel, R., and Scholten, O., “Proof of principle for template synthesis approach for the radio emission from vertical extensive air showers”, Astropart. Phys. 157 (2024) 102923, doi:10.1016/j.astropartphys.2023.102923 , arXiv:2307.02939 .

Proceedings of ARENA22

Proceedings of ICRC23

Proceedings of ARENA24